Shennongjia
geomorphic formation
From the end of the Indo-Chinese movement to the beginning of the Yanshan movement, the Shennongjia forest area had a strong fold and a large area of tilt, which laid the geomorphological framework of the area. The cold and warm changes of the Quaternary climate left glacial landforms in some areas, resulting in complex and diverse landforms in the area. The Shennongjia Mountains are located in the southwest of Shennongjia forest area near east-west Hengyuan. Shennongding is the highest with an elevation of 3105.4 meters, which is also the highest point in central China. The lowest point in the forest area is Shizhu River in Xiaguping Township, with an elevation of 398 meters and a relative elevation difference of 2707.4 meters. According to the morphological characteristics and genesis types of landform in the area, it can be divided into four types of landform units: tectonic dissolution landform, dissolution erosion landform, denudation erosion landform and accumulation landform.
climatic characteristics
Shennongjia belongs to the northern subtropical monsoon climate zone, which is a transition region from subtropical climate to temperate climate. The summer is wet and rainy, and the winter is mild and rainy. The annual radiation is 103.7 kcal/square meter, and the annual sunshine hours are 1858.3 hours. The sunshine hours and total radiation decrease with the increase of altitude. The average annual temperature frost-free period varies greatly due to different altitudes. The annual precipitation is between 800-2500mm, and the precipitation increases with the increase of altitude. Frost often occurs at the turn of spring and summer, usually from the end of September to the end of April of the following year. The average annual evaporation in the area is 500-800mm, and the drought index is 0.50-0.53. The southeast wind prevails 80% of the year.
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